The US has been keen to claim a leadership role in worldwide 5G deployment, but so far it hasn’t fully succeeded. China-based Huawei is the world’s leading maker of 5G network equipment, and while its equipment is deployed widely, the company has faced scrutiny from western nations for its alleged ties to the Chinese government. The Trump administration is intent on keeping Huawei technology out of American networks, and earlier this year the US Department of Justice accused the company of conspiring to steal American trade secrets. Another fear has been that if China is first to 5G, its burgeoning tech industry will create the next global mobile platform; 5G could also give China an edge in the AI race. More data with which to train algorithms could mean better AI applications. The US government has also said Huawei can’t use American-built technology in its networking chips. read more about it.
Manufacturers can use 5G networks to monitor production lines remotely and maintain video feeds of their factory floors. Some companies are licensing their own bit of 5G spectrum and are replacing their Wi-Fi networks with private 5G networks. As the US struggles to lead on the network side, it’s also behind in 5G from a speed perspective. A recent report from the UK-based research firm Opensignal analyzed the speeds that users typically get and found that Saudi Arabia had the fastest 5G download, topping out at 144.5 Mbps, with Canada ranking second at 90.4 Mbps. (The consultancy didn’t include China in its analysis.) South Korea has the highest rate of 5G adoption, with 10 percent of users on 5G, and its networks ranked third; the US, with an average speed of 33.4 Mbps, ranked 11th. Users are connected to 5G 20 percent of the time or more in only four countries, Opensignal found; the US, where users connected to 5G 19.3 percent of the time, ranked fifth.
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When 2G came around, many analysts thought clear voice calling would be its big driver, but text messaging turned out to be the big new business. 4G was introduced with laptop modems, but it turned out to be really about phones uploading and downloading video. Once high-quality 5G is truly widespread, unexpected new applications are sure to appear.
Since existing frequencies are limited, 5G uses various aggregated bands to unlock bandwidths of over 1GHz. 5G will improve that experience by making it 10x better not just for one individual, but for anyone streaming a video at the same time by creating a data super-highway. This enables industry-specific applications by allowing connectivity between millions of devices in a square mile. Previous generations of wireless technology have used lower-frequency bands of spectrum. Lower-frequency spectrum reaches greater distances but has lower speed and capacity than MM wave. One expected benefit of the transition to 5G is the convergence of multiple networking functions to achieve cost, power, and complexity reductions.